A new method combines helium droplets with ultrashort laser pulses to initiate chemical processes in a controlled manner. This provides insights into the transfer of energy and charge during the formation of chemical bonds. For the first time, a research team led by Markus Koch from the Institute of Experimental Physics at Graz University of Technology (TU Graz) has tracked in real time how individual atoms combine to form a cluster and which processes are involved.

A new study from the University of Vienna reveals that sea anemones use a molecular mechanism known from bilaterian animals to form their back-to-belly body axis. This mechanism ("BMP shuttling") enables cells to organize themselves during development by interpreting signaling gradients. The findings, published in Science Advances , suggest that this system evolved much earlier than previously assumed and was already present in the common ancestor of cnidarians and bilaterians.

ISTA scientists formalize how amorphous solids learn nontrivial behaviors Can we understand and predict how complex systems learn? Modeling learning in a theoretical framework in disordered solids, researchers at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) make surprising findings reminiscent of a Star Trek philosophy.

A research team led by Stefan Pflügl has succeeded in genetically manipulating the microorganism T. kivui to metabolize carbon monoxide. Stefan Pflügl (left) in the lab with the first authors of the two publications, Angeliki Sitara (center) and Rémi Hocq (right). " aria-haspopup="dialog" Genetic changes can occur naturally through evolution or can be initiated with the help of genetic engineering.

Researchers around the world are investigating the causes and treatment of Parkinson's disease, ADHD, and addiction. One key aspect of this research is the dopamine transporter DAT. In an international research project, scientists from Johannes Kepler University Linz, the Medical University of Vienna, and the NIH (National Institutes of Health, USA) have now investigated this protein in more detail and discovered previously unknown mechanisms.

Quantum effects are often used today for extremely precise measurements. But where is the absolute limit of accuracy? Results from TU Wien and collaborators show that it is better than expected. How can the strange properties of quantum particles be exploited to perform extremely accurate measurements? This question is at the heart of the research field of quantum metrology.

A research team led by the Medical University of Vienna has discovered a previously unknown role for the epigenetic regulator HDAC1 in chronic viral infections by using animal models. The study shows that HDAC1 specifically supports the generation of certain immune cells, which play an important role for actively fighting viruses despite chronic infection.

A new study by the Medical University of Vienna shows that many medical laboratories in Austria do not use age-appropriate reference ranges for children. This can lead to pathological blood values in children being considered inconspicuous - with possible consequences for the early detection of rare diseases.

One of the current hot research topics is the combination of two of the most recent technological breakthroughs: machine learning and quantum computing. An experimental study shows that already small-scale quantum computers can boost the performance of machine learning algorithms. This was demonstrated on a photonic quantum processor by an international team of researchers of the University of Vienna.

Epilepsy is primarily treated symptomatically - that is, the majority of the available medications aim to suppress seizures without influencing the underlying causes of the disease. A research team from the Medical University of Vienna has now identified a molecular mechanism that may play a role in the development of seizures.

In a collaboration between TU Wien and FU Berlin, researchers have measured what happens when quantum physical information is lost. This clarifies important connections between thermodynamics, information theory and quantum physics. Heat and information - these are two very different concepts that, at first glance, appear to have nothing to do with each other.

An international team led by Innsbruck quantum physicist Peter Zoller, together with the US company QuEra Computing, has directly observed a gauge field theory similar to models from particle physics in a two-dimensional analog quantum simulator for the first time. The study, published in Nature, opens up new possibilities for research into fundamental physical phenomena.

After years of research into the magnetic dipole moment of muons, theory and experiment have finally been compared with precision - with excellent agreement. One of the major cracks in modern physics may now have been closed: for years, scientists puzzled over why the measured values for the magnetic moment of muons did not match the calculations derived from the generally accepted Standard Model of particle physics.

An innovative combination of methods enables the precise localization of individual atoms in ultrathin materials. A research team from the University of Vienna and TU Wien has successfully embedded individual platinum atoms into an ultrathin material and, for the first time, pinpointed their positions within the lattice with atomic precision.

Aortic valve narrowing (aortic stenosis) with concomitant cardiac amyloidosis is a severe heart disease of old age that is associated with a high risk of death. Until now, treatment has consisted of valve replacement, while the deposits in the heart muscle, known as amyloidosis, often remain untreated.

Leptomeningeal metastatic disease (LMD) is a serious complication of advanced solid tumours, particularly breast and lung cancer. Due to the currently limited treatment options, the spread of cancer cells to the meninges leads to death within a short period of time. An international research team led by MedUni Vienna and the University Hospital Vienna has now tested the drug patritumab deruxtecan (HER3-DXd) in patients with LMD for the first time in a clinical trial.

Scientists led by Hanns-Christoph Nägerl have observed anyons - quasiparticles that differ from the familiar fermions and bosons - in a one-dimensional quantum system for the first time. The results, published in Nature , may contribute to a better understanding of quantum matter and its potential applications.

TU Wien (Austria) and Keio University (Japan) have now found a way to create artificial blood vessels in miniature organ models in a rapid and reproducible manner. Schematic representation of a hepatic lobule (left) and 3D view of the vascularized hepatic lobule on-chip after 9 days of culture (right) " aria-haspopup="dialog" Endothelialized laser-patterned channels after 7 days of culture (left) and magnified view of immunofluorescence-stained microvessel (CD31 in red, nuclei in blue) " aria-haspopup="dialog" How can we investigate the effects of a new drug?

A research team involving the Medical University of Vienna has summarised the novel findings on the immunomodulatory effect of tick saliva in a review paper. The work, published in the journal Frontiers in Immunology, shows how bioactive molecules in tick saliva influence the host's immune system, facilitate disease transmission and at the same time offer potential for novel therapeutic applications.

New insights show universal applicability of carbyne as a sensor For the design of future materials, it is important to understand how the individual atoms inside a material interact with each other quantum mechanically. Previously inexplicable vibrational states between carbon chains (carbyne) and nanotubes have puzzled materials scientists.