Caption: The image visualizes a string of trapped ions that start interacting with each other. A complex many-particle quantum state (psi)emerges as a result of these interactions. The state can be reconstructed by carrying out measurements on groups of neighbouring ions. Photo credit: IQOQI Innsbruck/Harald Ritsch
Physicsts are developing quantum simulators, to help solve problems that are beyond the reach of conventional computers. However, they first need new tools to ensure that the simulators work properly. Innsbruck researchers around Rainer Blatt and Christian Roos, together with researchers from the Universities of Ulm and Strathclyde, have now implemented a new technique in the laboratory that can be used to efficiently characterize the complex states of quantum simulators. The technique, called matrix product state tomography, could become a new standard tool for characterizing quantum stimulators. Many phenomena in the quantum world cannot be investigated directly in the laboratory, and even supercomputers fail when trying to simulate them. However, scientists are now able to control various quantum systems in the laboratory very precisely and these systems can be used to simulate other quantum systems. Such Quantum Simulators are therefore considered to be one of the first concrete applications of the second quantum revolution.
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